Although the idea that no two fingerprints are alike was first discovered by various officials in 14th century Persia, it was not until 1858 that Sir William Herschel began using fingerprints as an identification process. Herschel began having locals sign contracts with their palm prints, because he believed leaving a print bound you to a contract more than a signature would. Later, Herschel began only using the thumb and the forefinger for contracts, and as he used this form of signature more and more, he began noticing that although there are basic designs for fingerprints, each print has its own distinct design. Furthermore, in 1882 by a man named Alphonse Bertillon discovered that fingerprinting can actually be used as way to catch criminals. Bertillon was the Chief of the Department of Judicial Identity in Paris, France. He used Anthropometry as a means of identifying criminals. Anthropometry is a science which uses an individual’s length of head, middle finger, left foot and forearm from elbow to tip of middle finger to identify whether or not someone is guilty of a crime. When Bertillon was introduced to using fingerprints as a means of identification, he used it but only as a secondary role in the category of special marks. Although, the more Bertillon’s’ fingerprint collection grew, the more he was able to learn about fingerprints. And as his knowledge grew, he noticed that every fingerprint is unique and using fingerprints is one of the most accurate identification techniques. Later, in 1891, Juan Vucetich, an Argentine Police official, made the first criminal identification using a bloody fingerprint in 1892. To conclude, in 1902 the use of fingerprints as an identification process was introduced in the United States. And since then, we have found many different techniques in finding the prints and we have made files of prints for every baby born in the United States. Today, Fingerprint Identification is a basic method used to identify
suspects in a crime.
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